The Difference between Jesus and Christ

Jesus, the man, went up into heaven and left behind the counselor, the promised Holy Spirit. What does that mean? This article explores.

Prolog

Several years ago I attended a revival meeting where the preacher got up and gave a sermon dealing with the topic here: The difference between the words "Jesus" and "Chirst."

It was powerful. I never knew there was a difference between these two words, and oh, what a difference there is. Without a working knowledge of the difference between these two words it is impossible to understand the numerous New Testament scriptures where only one of these two words is used. It is also impossible to understand why, at times, the New Testament text uses these words in reverse order.

The difference between these two words has interpretive impacts across the spectrum of New Testament teaching. Sometimes a lack of understanding of the difference between these words matters little. But, more often than not, the difference in meaning between these words has a dramatic impact on the meaning of various Bible passages. Because the world is awaiting the return of Jesus, and not the Christ, I dare say it is nearly impossible to properly understand End-Times prophecy without a working understanding of the difference between these two words.

How Are Jesus and Christ used in Pop-Christianity?

Go visit a large gathering of Christians, say at a large suburban American church and listen to the people talking about Jesus. Ask yourself the question: How are these people using the words "Jesus" and "Christ". Is their use consistant with the Bible? For another example, listen to a call-in radio show on a Christian station and listen to the way callers talk about Jesus. Before reading more of this article, ask yourself the question: What grammar is being used and what does that grammar say about the fundamental understanding of people in these situations?

With rare exception, most Christians use "Jesus Christ" exactly like they would if they were using his first and last names. Jesus is like "Tom" and Christ is like "Smith." There is nevery any hint that there is any other meaning in these two words.

This is a shame because many Christians don't know enough about Jesus to know his father's name was Joseph and in the conventions of the New Testament era Jesus' last, or family, name was "son of Joseph."1 If this expression were converted into modern writing/naming conventions Jesus' last name would be "Josephson."

The Bible also uses a convention unknown to modern people where the city of origin is used very much as a type of family, or last, name. In the case of Jesus he is addressed as "Jesus of Nazareth" which gramatically acts like a formal name for Jesus. Indeed, most of the locations where Jesus is addressed this way are places were a legal connotation is explicit or implied.2 3 4 5 6

Something like "Jesus Joseph's son" or "Jesus of Nazareth" or a combined form7 would have been entered into the census records at the time of his birth. Not "Jesus Christ."

You won't hear anyone in modern church contexts saying they follow "Jesus Josephson" and you will almost never hear anyone saying they follow "Jesus of Nazareth" yet this is all the more understanding they have of the man as evidenced by their use of of the English grammer.

As explained below, the word, "Christ" popularly thought to be his last name has nothing whatsoever to do with his name. Before looking at "Christ" the more difficult of the two words, a look at "Jesus" is in order.

What does "Jesus" Mean?

Answering the question, "What does the word 'Jesus' mean?" involves looking up the word in a Greek to English dictionary. Most Christians don't have one of these readily available so the translators of most of the popular English Bibles place a foot note at the first occurance of the word in Matthew chapter 1, verse 21. The popular NIV translation says this:

Jesus is the Greek8 form of Joshua, which means YHVH Saves.

This answer begs more questions than it answers, but it does point in the right direction. Jesus is Greek for Joshua.

People who look for conspiracies point out that the word "Joshua" also appears in the New Testament, and it comes out as Joshua.9 10 11 Why, for example, would Jesus' name be mangled in the Greek but not the other uses of the name Joshua? Saying simply that "Jesus" is Greek for "Joshua" is untrue. "Joshua" is Greek for "Joshua."

A check against the Aramaic New Testament suggests that the original New Testament texts simply called Jesus by his Hebrew/Aramaic name: Joshua. The word used for Jesus' name was introduced at the same time as when the New Testament was translated into the Greek language.

The name "Jesus" is different than what his family and the Apostles actually used when addressing him in person.

Most Messianic Jews and many other Christians recognize this perversion of his name and have switched back to the name "Joshua" instead of Jesus. The problem with this convention that most groups of Christian have not done this and people who have switched to his original name have trouble relating to people who still use Jesus.

This not a fight I have been called to here in the Bible Time project, but I'm starting to appreciate the use of an accurate name. At some point I may also find myself switching to Joshua. (Pronounced "Yah-Shoo-Ah");

Joshua: The LORD Saves

Knowing that Jesus is actually Joshua still doesn't fully explain what this word means. The reason is that most modern English translations use an English word "Lord" which is an artificial construct. The NIV, as well as many other translations, uses a strange mixed-height capitalization in order to clue in readers that something strange is still going on.

In order to really understand who saves, and therefore who Jesus is named after, requires a hunt through the front matter in the translation. The following is the explaination:

In regard to the devine name YHVH, commonly referred to as the Tetragrammaton, the translators adopted the device used in most English versions of rendering that name as "LORD" in captial letters to distinguish it from Adonai, another Hebrew word rendered "Lord," for which small letters are used.

In order to unpack this note the capitalization in the footnote first given above must be checked. In this case it is all caps so the meaning of the word "Jesus" can be unpacked to yet another level:

Jesus is the Greek form of Joshua, which means YHVH Saves.

This is the end of the matter if you know what "YHVH" means. For people who have only ever read English translations of the Bible, this is not helpful. What, you ask, is YHVH?

The NIV explaination is that this is the tetragrammaton which is a name for God used in the Old Testament Hebew. It is usually pronounced "Yaw-Way." It is also commonly transliterated into English as "Jehovah."

This word can also be looked up12 and the meaning is simply "he is" or "he was." This is a direct link back to the orignal call of Moses to bring the Israelites out of Egypt.

2 Exodus 3:13-14 13וַיֹּ֨אמֶר מֹשֶׁ֜ה אֶל־ הָֽאֱלֹהִ֗ים הִנֵּ֨ה אָנֹכִ֣י בָא֮ אֶל־ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵל֒ וְאָמַרְתִּ֣י לָהֶ֔ם אֱלֹהֵ֥י אֲבוֹתֵיכֶ֖ם שְׁלָחַ֣נִי אֲלֵיכֶ֑ם וְאָֽמְרוּ־ לִ֣י מַה־ שְּׁמ֔וֹ מָ֥ה אֹמַ֖ר אֲלֵהֶֽם׃ 14וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֱלֹהִים֙ אֶל־ מֹשֶׁ֔ה אֶֽהְיֶ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֶֽהְיֶ֑ה וַיֹּ֗אמֶר כֹּ֤ה תֹאמַר֙ לִבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֶֽהְיֶ֖ה שְׁלָחַ֥נִי אֲלֵיכֶֽם׃ (WLC)

2 Exodus 3:13-14 13And Moses said unto God, Behold, when I come unto the children of Israel, and shall say unto them, The God of your fathers hath sent me unto you; and they shall say to me, What is his name? what shall I say unto them? 14And God said unto Moses, I AM THAT I AM: and he said, Thus shalt thou say unto the children of Israel, I AM hath sent me unto you. (KJV)

2 Exodus 3:13-14 13And Moses said unto God, Behold, when I come unto the children of Israel, and shall say unto them, The God of your fathers hath sent me unto you; and they shall say to me, What is his name? what shall I say unto them? 14And God said unto Moses, I AM THAT I AM: and he said, Thus shalt thou say unto the children of Israel, I AM hath sent me unto you. (KJV/NC)

2 Exodus 3:13-14 13And Moses said unto God, Behold, when I come unto the children of Israel, and shall say unto them, The God of your fathers hath sent me unto you; and they shall say to me, What is his name? What shall I say unto them? 14And God said unto Moses, I AM THAT I AM: and he said, Thus shalt thou say unto the children of Israel, I AM hath sent me unto you. (ASV)

2 Exodus 3:13-14 13And Moses said to God, Behold, when I go to the children of Israel and say to them, The God of your fathers has sent me to you; and they shall say to me, What is his name? what shall I say to them? 14And God said to Moses, I am AHIAH ASHAR HIGH (that is, THE LIVING GOD); and he said, Thus you shall say to the children of Israel: AHIAH has sent me to you. (LAM)

2 Exodus 3:13-14 13Then Moses said to God, "If I come to the people of Israel and say to them, `The God of your fathers has sent me to you,' and they ask me, `What is his name?' what shall I say to them?" 14God said to Moses, "I AM WHO I AM." And he said, "Say this to the people of Israel, `I AM has sent me to you.'" (RSV)

2 Exodus 3:13-14 13Moses said to God, "Suppose I go to the Israelites and say to them, `The God of your fathers has sent me to you,' and they ask me, `What is his name?' Then what shall I tell them?"

14God said to Moses, "I AM WHO I AM. This is what you are to say to the Israelites: `I AM has sent me to you.'"(NIV)

2 Exodus 3:13-14 13Moses said to God, 'Behold, when I come to the children of Israel, and tell them, 'The God of your fathers has sent me to you;' and they ask me, 'What is his name?' What should I tell them?'

14God said to Moses, 'I AM WHO I AM,' and he said, 'You shall tell the children of Israel this: 'I AM has sent me to you.' (WEB)

2 Exodus 3:13-14 13Moses said to God, 'Behold, when I come to the children of Israel, and tell them, 'The God of your fathers has sent me to you;' and they ask me, 'What is his name?' What should I tell them?'

14God said to Moses, 'I AM WHO I AM,' and he said, 'You shall tell the children of Israel this: 'I AM has sent me to you.'' (WEB/HNV)

2 Exodus 3:13-14 13And Moses said to God, Look, when I go to the children of Israel and say to them, The God of your fathers has sent me to you; and they will say to me, What is his name? What will I say to them? 14And God said to Moses, I am THE LIVING GOD; and he said, You will say to the children of Israel: AHIAH has sent me to you. (BRB)

The difference between "I AM" and "HE IS" is only the perspective of who is speaking. Think about this carefully. If your name is "I AM" then when you speak about yourself you say "I AM" but anyone addressing you or talking about you would use "HE IS" as your proper name. Of course you would be addressed as "HE WAS" when someone was talking about you in the past. If you spoke about yourself in the future, you'd say "I WILL BE." There would be other forms depending on who was speaking and what tense was implied. This is great fun in the English. The Hebrew has fewer forms.

YHVH is the same name as God used with Moses when Moses was called. "I AM," that God, is the one who saves through the man born to Joseph and Mary.

Since this is a lesson on learning what the word "Jesus" means it is best to learn it in the most fundamental form. I mentally use "YHVH Saves" instead of Jehovah Saves, since YHVH is the purest form and will not need to be changed later. (Although you might want to try "HE IS Saves..." I wouldn't suggest it.)

Understanding the Naming of Jesus

Return now to the original passage in Matthew. This is where the angel explains about Jesus' name before his birth. The following is the full text.

41 Matthew 1:21 21ܬܐܠܕ ܕܝܢ ܒܪܐ ܘܬܩܪܐ ܫܡܗ ܝܫܘܥ ܗܘ ܓܝܪ ܢܚܝܘܗܝ ܠܥܡܗ ܡܢ ܚܛܗܝܗܘܢ ܀ (SYP)

41 Matthew 1:21 21And she shall bring forth a son, and thou shalt call his name JESUS: for he shall save his people from their sins. (KJV)

41 Matthew 1:21 21And she shall bring forth a son, and thou shalt call his name JESUS: for he shall save his people from their sins. (KJV/NC)

41 Matthew 1:21 21And she shall bring forth a son; and thou shalt call his name JESUS; for it is he that shall save his people from their sins. (ASV)

41 Matthew 1:21 21She will give birth to a son, and you will call his name Jesus; for he shall save his people from their sins. (LAM)

41 Matthew 1:21 21she will bear a son, and you shall call his name Jesus, for he will save his people from their sins." (RSV)

41 Matthew 1:21 21She will give birth to a son, and you are to give him the name Jesus, because he will save his people from their sins."(NIV)

41 Matthew 1:21 21She shall bring forth a son. You shall call his name Jesus, for it is he who shall save his people from their sins.'(WEB)

41 Matthew 1:21 21She shall bring forth a son. You shall call his name Yeshua, for it is he who shall save his people from their sins.'(WEB/HNV)

41 Matthew 1:21 21She will give birth to a son, and you will call his name Jesus; for he will save his people from their sins. (BRB)

By understanding the name "Jesus" it now makes sense to understand what the angel is saying. "He is who - saves" his people is a direct link to meaning of Jesus. Except for tense, the meaning of the word Jesus is used again as the angel explains the name. It is being given in this passage in the clear text so readers can know what this word means.

It is also key to understand that when Joseph is told the name that is to be given to the son whom Mary will bear, the name given to him is "Jesus" alone. There is no direction given to Joseph to include "Christ" as part of his name as so many people want to do today.

Jesus is the name of the man born to Mary. He had Joseph as his earthly step-father. He is the saving incarnation of "I AM" who sent Moses to bring the ancient Israelites out of Egypt.

This passage in Matthew goes on to explain that this name is the fulfillment of a specific Old Testament prophecy.

41 Matthew 1:22-23 22ܗܕܐ ܕܝܢ ܟܠܗ ܕܗܘܬ ܕܢܬܡܠܐ ܡܕܡ ܕܐܬܐܡܪ ܡܢ ܡܪܝܐ ܒܝܕ ܢܒܝܐ ܀ 23ܕܗܐ ܒܬܘܠܬܐ ܬܒܛܢ ܘܬܐܠܕ ܒܪܐ ܘܢܩܪܘܢ ܫܡܗ ܥܡܢܘܐܝܠ ܕܡܬܬܪܓܡ ܥܡܢ ܐܠܗܢ ܀ (SYP)

41 Matthew 1:22-23 22Now all this was done, that it might be fulfilled which was spoken of the Lord by the prophet, saying, 23Behold, a virgin shall be with child, and shall bring forth a son, and they shall call his name Emmanuel, which being interpreted is, God with us. (KJV)

41 Matthew 1:22-23 22Now all this was done, that it might be fulfilled which was spoken of the Lord by the prophet, saying, 23Behold, a virgin shall be with child, and shall bring forth a son, and they shall call his name Emmanuel, which being interpreted is, God with us. (KJV/NC)

41 Matthew 1:22-23 22Now all this is come to pass, that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the Lord through the prophet, saying,

23Behold, the virgin shall be with child, and shall bring forth a son,(ASV)

41 Matthew 1:22-23 22¶ All this happened, that what was spoken from the Lord by the prophet might be fulfilled, 23Behold, a virgin will conceive and give birth to a son, and they shall call his name Immanuel, which is interpreted, Our God is with us. (LAM)

41 Matthew 1:22-23 22All this took place to fulfil what the Lord had spoken by the prophet: 23"Behold, a virgin shall conceive and bear a son, and his name shall be called Emmanuel" (which means, God with us). (RSV)

41 Matthew 1:22-23 22All this took place to fulfill what the Lord had said through the prophet: 23"The virgin will be with child and will give birth to a son, and they will call him Immanuel" -- which means, "God with us."(NIV)

41 Matthew 1:22-23 22Now all this has happened, that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the Lord through the prophet, saying,

23'Behold, the virgin shall be with child,
And shall bring forth a son.(WEB)

41 Matthew 1:22-23 22Now all this has happened, that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the Lord through the prophet, saying,

23'Behold, the virgin shall be with child,
and shall bring forth a son.(WEB/HNV)

41 Matthew 1:22-23 22All this happened, that what was spoken from the Lord by the prophet might be fulfilled, 23Look, a virgin will conceive and give birth to a son, and they will call his name Immanuel, which is interpreted, Our God is with us. (BRB)

This explaination is inserted to show the name "Jesus" is a proper fulfillment of the prophecy reguarding "Immanuel" even though the name given for Jesus was not, exactly, Immanuel. A simple read across the passage, especially the Old Testament prediction, and the exact name given to Jesus would appear to be incompatiable. Why is "Jesus" the same as "God with us?"

The answer comes from understanding that the root word used in Jesus' name is "I AM" from the time of Moses. This is God's name. Jesus was named this way because he is, I AM. He is God with us.

Defining the word: Christ

A dictionary definition13 says...

Christ simply means The Anointed.

This is the same as the Hebrew equivalent word "Messiah" which also means "the anointed."

Defining Anointed

Knowing "Christ" means "anointed" begs another question. What does anointed mean? This is still in the religious jargon of the Bible. Nobody uses this term in everyday speech. (Except, perhaps, preachers.) What is the everyday meaning of this word?

The word itself is used several times before a clear definition is given to Moses when Moses is told how to prepare Aaron and his sons for priestly service.

2 Exodus 29:7 7וְלָֽקַחְתָּ֙ אֶת־ שֶׁ֣מֶן הַמִּשְׁחָ֔ה וְיָצַקְתָּ֖ עַל־ רֹאשׁ֑וֹ וּמָשַׁחְתָּ֖ אֹתֽוֹ׃ (WLC)

2 Exodus 29:7 7Then shalt thou take the anointing oil, and pour it upon his head, and anoint him. (KJV)

2 Exodus 29:7 7Then shalt thou take the anointing oil, and pour it upon his head, and anoint him. (KJV/NC)

2 Exodus 29:7 7Then shalt thou take the anointing oil, and pour it upon his head, and anoint him. (ASV)

2 Exodus 29:7 7Then you shall take the anointing oil, and pour it upon his head, and anoint him. (LAM)

2 Exodus 29:7 7And you shall take the anointing oil, and pour it on his head and anoint him. (RSV)

2 Exodus 29:7 7Take the anointing oil and anoint him by pouring it on his head. (NIV)

2 Exodus 29:7 7Then you shall take the anointing oil, and pour it on his head, and anoint him. (WEB)

2 Exodus 29:7 7Then you shall take the anointing oil, and pour it on his head, and anoint him. (WEB/HNV)

2 Exodus 29:7 7Then you will take the anointing oil, and pour it on his head, and anoint him. (BRB)

There are other references14 that also confirm the meaing of the word "anoint" is simply "to pour on oil." In the case of Aaron there was a priestly formula for the specific mixture used to create the oil for annointing the High Priest. Other occurances make clear that oils used for annointing can be of nearly any type.

This definition is the end of the texual definition, but it doesn't satisify completely. What does it mean to pour on oil? There is clearly a symbolic meaning being employed. What is the oil that is poured on and what does this action have to do with Jesus? A good example of what this means is to look at a different anointing, the anointing of David by Samuel.

8 First Samuel 16:13 13וַיִּקַּ֨ח שְׁמוּאֵ֜ל אֶת־ קֶ֣רֶן הַשֶּׁ֗מֶן וַיִּמְשַׁ֣ח אֹתוֹ֮ בְּקֶ֣רֶב אֶחָיו֒ וַתִּצְלַ֤ח רֽוּחַ־ יְהוָה֙ אֶל־ דָּוִ֔ד מֵהַיּ֥וֹם הַה֖וּא וָמָ֑עְלָה וַיָּ֣קָם שְׁמוּאֵ֔ל וַיֵּ֖לֶךְ הָרָמָֽתָה׃ (WLC)

8 First Samuel 16:13 13Then Samuel took the horn of oil, and anointed him in the midst of his brethren: and the Spirit of the LORD came upon David from that day forward. So Samuel rose up, and went to Ramah.(KJV)

8 First Samuel 16:13 13Then Samuel took the horn of oil, and anointed him in the midst of his brethren: and the Spirit of the LORD came upon David from that day forward. So Samuel rose up, and went to Ramah.(KJV/NC)

8 First Samuel 16:13 13Then Samuel took the horn of oil, and anointed him in the midst of his brethren: and the Spirit of Jehovah came mightily upon David from that day forward. So Samuel rose up, and went to Ramah. (ASV)

8 First Samuel 16:13 13Then Samuel took the horn of oil and anointed him in the midst of his brothers; and the Spirit of the LORD came upon David from that day forward. Then Samuel rose up and went to Ramtha to his house. (LAM)

8 First Samuel 16:13 13Then Samuel took the horn of oil, and anointed him in the midst of his brothers; and the Spirit of the LORD came mightily upon David from that day forward. And Samuel rose up, and went to Ramah.(RSV)

8 First Samuel 16:13 13So Samuel took the horn of oil and anointed him in the presence of his brothers, and from that day on the Spirit of the LORD came upon David in power. Samuel then went to Ramah.(NIV)

8 First Samuel 16:13 13Then Samuel took the horn of oil, and anointed him in the midst of his brothers: and the Spirit of Yahweh came mightily on David from that day forward. So Samuel rose up, and went to Ramah. (WEB)

8 First Samuel 16:13 13Then Samuel took the horn of oil, and anointed him in the midst of his brothers: and the Spirit of the LORD came mightily on David from that day forward. So Samuel rose up, and went to Ramah. (WEB/HNV)

8 First Samuel 16:13 13Then Samuel took the horn of oil and anointed him in the middle of his brothers; and the Spirit of Yahvah came on David from that day forward. Then Samuel rose up and went to Ramtha to his house. (BRB)

When Samuel poured oil on David, the Spirit of the LORD came upon David from that day forward. This defines what the oil is symbolic of: The Spirit of the LORD. Remember, LORD is YHVH who is HE IS or I AM.

Oil is symbolic of the presence of the Holy Spirit. That Christ means The Anointed is essentially a synonym for someone, some place or some people (or anything else) on whom has been poured out The Holy Spirit.

Various endings and pronouns are added around the word "Christ" in order to convey degrees of meaning. A "Christian" is one person on whom the Holy Spirit has been poured. "Christians" are a group on whom the Holy Spirit has been poured. It is difficult to mentally substitute to this meaning only because there are not enough forms of the words dealing with Spirit and Anointing to fill in for all the uses of Christ throughout the Bible.

Unlike YHVH which includes the pronoun "he" as part of the meaning, the word "Christ" has no built in pronoun. Translators, indeed, anyone mentally translating the word "Christ" into English at times will need to add a pronoun. Do this only as a last resort because so much meaning rides on a pronoun that doesn't naturally exist as part of the original word "Christ."

Looking again at First Use

The first use of the pair "Jesus Christ" shows up just before the account of Jesus' birth early in Matthew. The following is the first occurance in the New Testament.

41 Matthew 1:18 18ܝܠܕܗ ܕܝܢ ܕܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܗܟܢܐ ܗܘܐ ܟܕ ܡܟܝܪܐ ܗܘܬ ܡܪܝܡ ܐܡܗ ܠܝܘܤܦ ܥܕܠܐ ܢܫܬܘܬܦܘܢ ܐܫܬܟܚܬ ܒܛܢܐ ܡܢ ܪܘܚܐ ܕܩܘܕܫܐ ܀ (SYP)

41 Matthew 1:18 18Now the birth of Jesus Christ was on this wise: When as his mother Mary was espoused to Joseph, before they came together, she was found with child of the Holy Ghost. (KJV)

41 Matthew 1:18 18Now the birth of Jesus Christ was on this wise: When as his mother Mary was espoused to Joseph, before they came together, she was found with child of the Holy Ghost. (KJV/NC)

41 Matthew 1:18 18Now the birth of Jesus Christ was on this wise: When his mother Mary had been betrothed to Joseph, before they came together she was found with child of the Holy Spirit. (ASV)

41 Matthew 1:18 18¶ The birth of Jesus Christ was in this manner. While Mary his mother was acquired for a price for Joseph, before they came together, she was found with child of the Holy Spirit. (LAM)

41 Matthew 1:18 18Now the birth of Jesus Christ took place in this way. When his mother Mary had been betrothed to Joseph, before they came together she was found to be with child of the Holy Spirit; (RSV)

41 Matthew 1:18 18This is how the birth of Jesus Christ came about: His mother Mary was pledged to be married to Joseph, but before they came together, she was found to be with child through the Holy Spirit. (NIV)

41 Matthew 1:18 18Now the birth of Jesus Christ was like this; for after his mother, Mary, was engaged to Joseph, before they came together, she was found pregnant by the Holy Spirit. (WEB)

41 Matthew 1:18 18Now the birth of Yeshua the Messiah was like this; for after his mother, Miriam, was engaged to Joseph, before they came together, she was found pregnant by the Holy Spirit. (WEB/HNV)

41 Matthew 1:18 18The birth of Jesus Messiah was in this manner. While Mary his mother was acquired for a price for Joseph, before they came together, she was found pregnant by the Holy Spirit. (BRB)

This verse is at the start of the narrative explaining the details of the birth of Jesus. This verse uses both words, the two that are so intimately tied to Jesus. The first, and most obvious question is what does this mean? To translate the words Jesus and Christ, instead of transliterating as is done in all common English translations, the previous passage starts like this:

Now the birth of YHVH Saves The Anointed took place...

Like so many other names across the Bible, these two words in order are commonly used to refer to Jesus. This is the first such use. Since individually, these words have significant meaning, the two words in this order should also. Consider the two standing together but outside of a sentance like the one above.

... YHVH Saves ... The Anointed ...

These two words alone form a complete sentance. It is an expression explaining exactly who it is that gets saved by YHVH. Who is that? Those who are anointed. YHWY saves the anointed.

The saving (or salvation) that Jesus offers is conditioned. He saves those who are anointed. He doesn't save anyone else. He may also pour the anointing on people in a temporary act in order to achieve his various purposes. Saul was anointed this way. So some anointings don't fundmentally lead to salvation. But, without any anointing at all there is no eternal salvation.

How do people get anointed? John the Baptist explained this to his audiance in the Judean wilderness.

41 Matthew 3:11 11ܐܢܐ ܡܥܡܕ ܐܢܐ ܠܟܘܢ ܒܡܝܐ ܠܬܝܒܘܬܐ ܗܘ ܕܝܢ ܕܒܬܪܝ ܐܬܐ ܚܤܝܢ ܗܘ ܡܢܝ ܗܘ ܕܠܐ ܫܘܐ ܐܢܐ ܡܤܢܘܗܝ ܠܡܫܩܠ ܗܘ ܡܥܡܕ ܠܟܘܢ ܒܪܘܚܐ ܕܩܘܕܫܐ ܘܒܢܘܪܐ ܀ (SYP)

41 Matthew 3:11 11I indeed baptize you with water unto repentance: but he that cometh after me is mightier than I, whose shoes I am not worthy to bear: he shall baptize you with the Holy Ghost, and with fire: (KJV)

41 Matthew 3:11 11I indeed baptize you with water unto repentance: but he that cometh after me is mightier than I, whose shoes I am not worthy to bear: he shall baptize you with the Holy Ghost, and with fire: (KJV/NC)

41 Matthew 3:11 11I indeed baptize you in water unto repentance: but he that cometh after me is mightier than I, whose shoes I am not worthy to bear: he shall baptize you in the Holy Spirit and in fire: (ASV)

41 Matthew 3:11 11I am just baptizing you with water for repentance; but he who is coming after me is greater than I, the one even whose shoes I am not worthy to remove; he will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and with fire. (LAM)

41 Matthew 3:11 11"I baptize you with water for repentance, but he who is coming after me is mightier than I, whose sandals I am not worthy to carry; he will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and with fire. (RSV)

41 Matthew 3:11 11"I baptize you with water for repentance. But after me will come one who is more powerful than I, whose sandals I am not fit to carry. He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and with fire. (NIV)

41 Matthew 3:11 11I indeed baptize you in water for repentance, but he who comes after me is mightier than I, whose shoes I am not worthy to carry. He will baptize you in the Holy Spirit. (WEB)

41 Matthew 3:11 11I indeed immerse you in water for repentance, but he who comes after me is mightier than I, whose shoes I am not worthy to carry. He will immerse you in the Holy Spirit. (WEB/HNV)

41 Matthew 3:11 11I am baptizing you with water for repentance; but he who is coming after me is greater than I, the one whose shoes I am not even worthy to remove; he will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and with fire, (BRB)

Jesus himself pours on the oil of the Holy Spirit in an event that John the Baptizer called a baptism. Jesus is the one who baptizes with the Holy Spirit, not John, nor anyone else. Other words for this pouring are possible, but a baptism in the Spirit is a good description of the event that marks the start of the oil being poured on.

Of course Jesus was the expected Messiah. Since Messiah means The Annointed there is a sense that Jesus was the special Anointed One. This pronoun is occationally used in reference works to attempt to show that Jesus was the only one with the Holy Spirit. This is not true and it belies a better choice of pronoun.

Who is it that YHVH saves? Those whom He himself has anointed as per John the Baptist's testamony. With this understanding the best implied pronoun is "his" and the full expression means this:

YHVH saves his anointed.

Example of Christ, and Jesus used seperately

53 Romans 8:9-11 9ܐܢܬܘܢ ܕܝܢ ܠܐ ܗܘܝܬܘܢ ܒܒܤܪ ܐܠܐ ܒܪܘܚ ܐܢ ܫܪܝܪܐܝܬ ܪܘܚܗ ܕܐܠܗܐ ܥܡܪܐ ܒܟܘܢ ܐܢ ܕܝܢ ܐܢܫ ܠܝܬ ܒܗ ܪܘܚܗ ܕܡܫܝܚܐ ܗܢܐ ܠܐ ܗܘܐ ܕܝܠܗ ܀ 10ܘܐܢ ܕܝܢ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܒܟܘܢ ܦܓܪܐ ܡܝܬ ܗܘ ܡܛܠ ܚܛܝܬܐ ܪܘܚܐ ܕܝܢ ܚܝܐ ܗܝ ܡܛܠ ܟܐܢܘܬܐ ܀ 11ܘܐܢ ܪܘܚܗ ܕܗܘ ܡܢ ܕܐܩܝܡ ܠܡܪܢ ܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܡܢ ܒܝܬ ܡܝܬܐ ܥܡܪܐ ܒܟܘܢ ܗܘ ܡܢ ܕܐܩܝܡܗ ܠܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܡܢ ܒܝܬ ܡܝܬܐ ܐܦ ܠܦܓܪܝܟܘܢ ܡܝܬܐ ܢܚܐ ܡܛܠ ܪܘܚܗ ܕܥܡܪܐ ܒܟܘܢ ܀ (SYP)

53 Romans 8:9-11 9But ye are not in the flesh, but in the Spirit, if so be that the Spirit of God dwell in you. Now if any man have not the Spirit of Christ, he is none of his. 10And if Christ be in you, the body is dead because of sin; but the Spirit is life because of righteousness. 11But if the Spirit of him that raised up Jesus from the dead dwell in you, he that raised up Christ from the dead shall also quicken your mortal bodies by his Spirit that dwelleth in you.(KJV)

53 Romans 8:9-11 9But ye are not in the flesh, but in the Spirit, if so be that the Spirit of God dwell in you. Now if any man have not the Spirit of Christ, he is none of his. 10And if Christ be in you, the body is dead because of sin; but the Spirit is life because of righteousness. 11But if the Spirit of him that raised up Jesus from the dead dwell in you, he that raised up Christ from the dead shall also quicken your mortal bodies by his Spirit that dwelleth in you.(KJV/NC)

53 Romans 8:9-11 9But ye are not in the flesh but in the Spirit, if so be that the Spirit of God dwelleth in you. But if any man hath not the Spirit of Christ, he is none of his. 10And if Christ is in you, the body is dead because of sin; but the spirit is life because of righteousness. 11But if the Spirit of him that raised up Jesus from the dead dwelleth in you, he that raised up Christ Jesus from the dead shall give life also to your mortal bodies through his Spirit that dwelleth in you. (ASV)

53 Romans 8:9-11 9But you are not in the flesh but in the spirit, if the Spirit of God truly dwells within you. Now if any man does not have the Spirit of Christ, he does not belong to him.

10¶ And if Christ is within you, the body is dead because of sin; but the Spirit is life because of righteousness. 11And if the Spirit of him who raised our Lord Jesus Christ from the dead dwells within you, so he who raised Jesus Christ from the dead will also quicken your mortal bodies by his Spirit that dwells within you. (LAM)

53 Romans 8:9-11 9But you are not in the flesh, you are in the Spirit, if in fact the Spirit of God dwells in you. Any one who does not have the Spirit of Christ does not belong to him. 10But if Christ is in you, although your bodies are dead because of sin, your spirits are alive because of righteousness. 11If the Spirit of him who raised Jesus from the dead dwells in you, he who raised Christ Jesus from the dead will give life to your mortal bodies also through his Spirit which dwells in you.(RSV)

53 Romans 8:9-11 9You, however, are controlled not by the sinful nature but by the Spirit, if the Spirit of God lives in you. And if anyone does not have the Spirit of Christ, he does not belong to Christ. 10But if Christ is in you, your body is dead because of sin, yet your spirit is alive because of righteousness. 11And if the Spirit of him who raised Jesus from the dead is living in you, he who raised Christ from the dead will also give life to your mortal bodies through his Spirit, who lives in you.(NIV)

53 Romans 8:9-11 9But youP are not in the flesh but in the Spirit, if it is so that the Spirit of God dwells in you. But if any man doesn't have the Spirit of Christ, he is not his. 10If Christ is in you, the body is dead because of sin, but the spirit is alive because of righteousness. 11But if the Spirit of him who raised up Jesus from the dead dwells in you, he who raised up Christ Jesus from the dead will also give life to your mortal bodies through his Spirit who dwells in you. (WEB)

53 Romans 8:9-11 9But you are not in the flesh but in the Spirit, if it is so that the Spirit of God dwells in you. But if any man doesn't have the Spirit of Messiah, he is not his. 10If Messiah is in you, the body is dead because of sin, but the spirit is alive because of righteousness. 11But if the Spirit of him who raised up Yeshua from the dead dwells in you, he who raised up Messiah Yeshua from the dead will also give life to your mortal bodies through his Spirit who dwells in you. (WEB/HNV)

53 Romans 8:9-11 9But you are not in the flesh but in the spirit, if the Spirit of God truly lives inside you. Now if any man does not have the Spirit of Messiah, he does not belong to him.

10And if Messiah is inside you, the body is dead because of sin; but the Spirit is life because of righteousness. 11And if the Spirit of him who raised our Lord Jesus Messiah from the dead lives inside you, so he who raised Jesus Messiah from the dead will also quicken your mortal bodies by his Spirit that lives inside you. (BRB)

What is the Proper Grammar for "Christ?"

The word "Christ" or "The Anointed" is not unique. The Holy Spirit can be poured out on anyone. The Bible is full of examples of people on whom the Holy Spirit was poured. This includes Aaron, Moses, Saul, David, Peter, Paul and many others. The pouring can be temporary15 or it can be permanent leading to eternal salvation.16

Gramatically the word "Christ" behaves like a title or office held by anyone Jesus chooses to include through a Holy Spirit Baptism. He, himself, of course, carries this title too, since he is anointed. But, he confers it on anyone else he so chooses.

To understand this better, consider the office of President of the United States. The President is the one who is in charge and who runs the Executive branch of the United States Government. Because the president cannot do everything alone he hires other people to help. Anyone so hired operates under the authority of the President himself. This is called "agency" because anyone hired operates as an agent of the President.17

Note that in the collection of people who work for the President, some operate with authority less than the president himself. His speech writer, for example, only has authority to write speeches. This is very much like having an "upon" form of Spirit Baptism. The authority, and power, of the President is conferred on the speech writer in a temporary act that allows the writer to get the speech written.

There are others, usually those who operate close to the President, who operate with essentially full presidential authority. This is seen most clearly when the President sends someone from his office on an overseas diplomatic mission. In this case, typically the Secretary of State, gets to fly in the Presidential Airplane and gets to use the Presidential Seal. A Secretary on such a mission also has full rights to negociate with foreign powers on behalf of the President, acting in place of the President himself.

Note the President would only send someone on a diplomatic mission like this if his agent was fully trusted and knew the President well enough to make the same descisions that the President would make if the President were doing the job himself. This is like the "within" form of Spirit baptism. It is also why Christians must develop maturity before they are called to do Jesus' high level work in the world.

This analogy also helps show off the difference between the President, the man, and the President, the office. The Office, or authority, or Seal, of the President of the United States gives anyone holding it the same authority as the President himself. The two are nearly synonomous when dealing with the current President. They are not synonomous when all the work going on under the authority of the President is considered.

Jesus is the name of the man that runs the Kingdom of Heaven. This is his name. His reign is permanent. He reigns now. He always will. His office is called "The Christ" or "The Anointed" and includes anyone he should choose to "hire"18 or mark through the "Seal" of the Holy Spirit.19 This seal is given through a baptism in the spirit. The Holy Spirit can be poured out in a temporary way, like it was with Saul, or in a permanent way like it was with Paul.

When Christians use the expression "Jesus Christ" they are naming the man and his office. Very much like the expression "President Bush" names the office and the man who fills it.

Anyone who as been baptized by Jesus into the Holy Spirit has been included in Jesus' office. Once we've gained his trust, like the secretary of state working for the President, Christians can move from low level jobs, like speech writer, into various high levels of service, like diplomat.

Some Example Scriptures

Taking the thought that Jesus is the man, and Christ is the Annointing, the office, that others can be part of, lets look at some Scripture passages and explain what they mean.

Who appeared in Noah's Day?

62 First Peter 3:18-20 18ܡܛܠ ܕܐܦ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܚܕܐ ܙܒܢ ܡܝܬ ܚܠܦ ܚܛܗܝܢ ܙܕܝܩܐ ܚܠܦ ܚܛܝܐ ܕܢܩܪܒܟܘܢ ܠܐܠܗܐ ܘܡܝܬ ܒܦܓܪ ܘܚܝܐ ܒܪܘܚ ܀ 19ܘܐܟܪܙ ܠܢܦܫܬܐ ܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܐܚܝܕܢ ܗܘܝ ܒܫܝܘܠ ܀ 20ܗܠܝܢ ܕܡܢ ܩܕܝܡ ܠܐ ܐܬܛܦܝܤ ܗܘܝ ܒܝܘܡܬܗ ܕܢܘܚ ܟܕ ܡܓܪܬ ܪܘܚܗ ܕܐܠܗܐ ܦܩܕܬ ܕܬܗܘܐ ܩܒܘܬܐ ܥܠ ܤܒܪܐ ܕܬܝܒܘܬܗܘܢ ܘܬܡܢܐ ܒܠܚܘܕ ܢܦܫܢ ܥܠܝܢ ܠܗ ܘܚܝܝ ܒܡܝܐ ܀ (SYP)

62 First Peter 3:18-20 18For Christ also hath once suffered for sins, the just for the unjust, that he might bring us to God, being put to death in the flesh, but quickened by the Spirit: 19By which also he went and preached unto the spirits in prison; 20Which sometime were disobedient, when once the longsuffering of God waited in the days of Noah, while the ark was a preparing, wherein few, that is, eight souls were saved by water. (KJV)

62 First Peter 3:18-20 18For Christ also hath 1 time suffered for sins, the just for the unjust, that he might bring us to God, being put to death in the flesh, but quickened by the Spirit: 19By which also he went and preached unto the spirits in prison; 20Which sometime were disobedient, when 1 time the longsuffering of God waited in the days of Noah, while the ark was a preparing, wherein few, that is, 8 souls were saved by water. (KJV/NC)

62 First Peter 3:18-20 18Because Christ also suffered for sins once, the righteous for the unrighteous, that he might bring us to God; being put to death in the flesh, but made alive in the spirit; 19in which also he went and preached unto the spirits in prison, 20that aforetime were disobedient, when the longsuffering of God waited in the days of Noah, while the ark was a preparing, wherein few, that is, eight souls, were saved through water: (ASV)

62 First Peter 3:18-20 18¶ For Christ also once suffered for our sins, a just man for sinners, that he might bring you to God, wherefore while he died in the flesh, he lives in the Spirit. 19And he preached to the souls imprisoned in Sheol, 20Those who in the past were disobedient; and in the days of Noah, when the Spirit of God had patience, he commanded an ark to be made in the hope of their repentance, but only eight souls entered into it, and were saved by its floating upon the water. (LAM)

62 First Peter 3:18-20 18For Christ also died for sins once for all, the righteous for the unrighteous, that he might bring us to God, being put to death in the flesh but made alive in the spirit; 19in which he went and preached to the spirits in prison, 20who formerly did not obey, when God's patience waited in the days of Noah, during the building of the ark, in which a few, that is, eight persons, were saved through water. (RSV)

62 First Peter 3:18-20 18For Christ died for sins once for all, the righteous for the unrighteous, to bring you to God. He was put to death in the body but made alive by the Spirit, 19through whom also he went and preached to the spirits in prison 20who disobeyed long ago when God waited patiently in the days of Noah while the ark was being built. In it only a few people, eight in all, were saved through water, (NIV)

62 First Peter 3:18-20 18Because Christ also suffered for sins once, the righteous for the unrighteous, that he might bring you to God; being put to death in the flesh, but made alive in the spirit; 19in which he also went and preached to the spirits in prison, 20who before were disobedient, when God waited patiently in the days of Noah, while the ark was being built. In it, few, that is, eight souls, were saved through water. (WEB)

62 First Peter 3:18-20 18Because Messiah also suffered for sins once, the righteous for the unrighteous, that he might bring you to God; being put to death in the flesh, but made alive in the spirit; 19in which he also went and preached to the spirits in prison, 20who before were disobedient, when God waited patiently in the days of Noah, while the ship was being built. In it, few, that is, eight souls, were saved through water. (WEB/HNV)

62 First Peter 3:18-20 18For Messiah also once suffered for our sins, a just man for sinners, that he might bring you to God, therefore while he died in the flesh, he lives in the Spirit. 19And he preached to the souls imprisoned in Sheol, 20Those who in the past were disobedient; and in the days of Noah, when the Spirit of God had patience, he commanded an ark to be made in the hope of their repentance, but only 8 souls entered into it, and were saved by its floating on the water. (BRB)

Peter is recording that Christ suffered sins once for all. When did that happen? When Jesus was crucified. We know this. Peter was there, or at least in town, when this happened.

By leaving off the word "Jesus" what does Peter mean?

Since all annointed Christians make up the "body" of Christ, Peter is emphasizing that everyone saved, all Christians, suffered once for sins. We are all brought to God through the cross. Flesh, Jesus' flesh and by substitution, ours, was put to death, and we are made alive throught who? The Christ the annointing, which is the presense of the Holy Spirit in our lives, the result of a baptism, the result of a wider inclusion.

Peter then goes on to explain that "he," Christ, the spirit, but not Jesus, the man, also went and preached to the spirits in prison at the time of Noah. Did Jesus do this in his 30 years here on earth? No. But did the Christ, which is all Peter has referenced in this passage? Yes. The Holy Spirit, the anointing, has been active across all time.

Who appeared in Moses' Day?

50 First Corinthians 10:1-5 1ܨܒܐ ܐܢܐ ܕܝܢ ܕܬܕܥܘܢ ܐܚܝ ܕܐܒܗܝܢ ܟܠܗܘܢ ܬܚܝܬ ܥܢܢܐ ܗܘܘ ܘܟܠܗܘܢ ܒܝܡܐ ܥܒܪܘ ܀ 2ܘܟܠܗܘܢ ܒܝܕ ܡܘܫܐ ܥܡܕܘ ܒܥܢܢܐ ܘܒܝܡܐ ܀ 3ܘܟܠܗܘܢ ܚܕܐ ܡܐܟܘܠܬܐ ܕܪܘܚܐ ܐܟܠܘ ܀ 4ܘܟܠܗܘܢ ܚܕ ܡܫܬܝܐ ܕܪܘܚܐ ܐܫܬܝܘ ܫܬܝܢ ܗܘܘ ܓܝܪ ܡܢ ܟܐܦܐ ܕܪܘܚܐ ܕܐܬܝܐ ܗܘܬ ܥܡܗܘܢ ܟܐܦܐ ܕܝܢ ܗܝ ܗܘ ܗܘܐ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܀ 5ܐܠܐ ܠܐ ܗܘܐ ܒܤܘܓܐܗܘܢ ܐܨܛܒܝ ܐܠܗܐ ܢܦܠܘ ܓܝܪ ܒܡܕܒܪܐ ܀ (SYP)

50 First Corinthians 10:1-5 1Moreover, brethren, I would not that ye should be ignorant, how that all our fathers were under the cloud, and all passed through the sea; 2And were all baptized unto Moses in the cloud and in the sea; 3And did all eat the same spiritual meat; 4And did all drink the same spiritual drink: for they drank of that spiritual Rock that followed them: and that Rock was Christ. 5But with many of them God was not well pleased: for they were overthrown in the wilderness. (KJV)

50 First Corinthians 10:1-5 1Moreover, brethren, I would not that ye should be ignorant, how that all our fathers were under the cloud, and all passed through the sea; 2And were all baptized unto Moses in the cloud and in the sea; 3And did all eat the same spiritual meat; 4And did all drink the same spiritual drink: for they drank of that spiritual Rock that followed them: and that Rock was Christ. 5But with many of them God was not well pleased: for they were overthrown in the wilderness. (KJV/NC)

50 First Corinthians 10:1-5 1For I would not, brethren, have you ignorant, that our fathers were all under the cloud, and all passed through the sea; 2and were all baptized unto Moses in the cloud and in the sea; 3and did all eat the same spiritual food; 4and did all drink the same spiritual drink: for they drank of a spiritual rock that followed them: and the rock was Christ. 5Howbeit with most of them God was not well pleased: for they were overthrown in the wilderness. (ASV)

50 First Corinthians 10:1-5 1MOREOVER, brethren, I want you to know that our fathers were all under the cloud and all passed through the sea; 2And all were baptized by Moses, both in the cloud and in the sea; 3And all ate the same spiritual food; 4And all drank the same spiritual drink; for they drank of that spiritual Rock that followed them; and that Rock was Christ. 5But with many of them God was not well pleased; for they were smitten in the wilderness. (LAM)

50 First Corinthians 10:1-5 1I want you to know, brethren, that our fathers were all under the cloud, and all passed through the sea, 2and all were baptized into Moses in the cloud and in the sea, 3and all ate the same supernatural food 4and all drank the same supernatural drink. For they drank from the supernatural Rock which followed them, and the Rock was Christ. 5Nevertheless with most of them God was not pleased; for they were overthrown in the wilderness.(RSV)

50 First Corinthians 10:1-5 1For I do not want you to be ignorant of the fact, brothers, that our forefathers were all under the cloud and that they all passed through the sea. 2They were all baptized into Moses in the cloud and in the sea. 3They all ate the same spiritual food 4and drank the same spiritual drink; for they drank from the spiritual rock that accompanied them, and that rock was Christ. 5Nevertheless, God was not pleased with most of them; their bodies were scattered over the desert.(NIV)

50 First Corinthians 10:1-5 1Now I would not have you ignorant, brothers, that our fathers were all under the cloud, and all passed through the sea; 2and were all baptized into Moses in the cloud and in the sea; 3and all ate the same spiritual food; 4and all drank the same spiritual drink. For they drank of a spiritual rock that followed them, and the rock was Christ. 5However with most of them, God was not well pleased, for they were overthrown in the wilderness. (WEB)

50 First Corinthians 10:1-5 1Now I would not have you ignorant, brothers, that our fathers were all under the cloud, and all passed through the sea; 2and were all immersed into Moses in the cloud and in the sea; 3and all ate the same spiritual food; 4and all drank the same spiritual drink. For they drank of a spiritual rock that followed them, and the rock was Messiah. 5However with most of them, God was not well pleased, for they were overthrown in the wilderness. (WEB/HNV)

50 First Corinthians 10:1-5 1MOREOVER, brothers, I want you to know that our fathers were all under the cloud and all passed through the sea; 2And all were baptized by Moses, both in the cloud and in the sea; 3And all ate the same spiritual food; 4And all drank the same spiritual drink; for they drank of that spiritual Rock that followed them; and that Rock was Messiah. 5But with many of them God was not well pleased; for they were struck in the wilderness. (BRB)

Paul is using the same convention as Peter. He is writing about the spiritual events at the Exodus from Egypt under Moses. He leaves off the world "Jesus" the name of the man born 2000 years ago. He only uses the word "Christ" which is the anointing, the office, that all believers enter when they are baptized into the Holy Spirit. This office accompanied the Israelites as they left Egypt. Paul is making clear that this is the same as it is now.

Review Questions

Does Jesus live in your body? If not, what does?

Are we expecting Christ's return? If not, who?

1John 6:45    
2Matthew 26:71    
3Mark 1:24    
4Mark 10:47    
5Luke 4:34    
6Acts 26:9    
7John 1:45    
8Technically about 8 levels removed from the Aramaic name for Jesus. In any case it is still the same name as Joshua.   
9Luke 3:29    
10Acts 7:45    
11Hebrews 4:8    
12A Dictionary of Scripture Proper Names, J. B. Jackson   
13A Dictionary of Scripture Proper Names, J. B. Jackson   
14Genesis 31:13    
15In an 'upon' form for specific action but not salvation.   
16In a 'within' form that forms Christian character. This is the proof of salvation.   
17Agency is a general principle in Employment Law.   
18Matthew 20:1    
19Ephesians 1:13    
 

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